The Ancient Qanat Technology in Iran

Due to arid climate and high evaporation in the Yazd province and other dry lands in Iran, people have developed the qanat system of tapping alluvial aquifers at the heads of valleys and conducting the water along underground tunnels using only gravitational force, often over many kilometers, to overcome the challenge of water scarcity and distribute water. Like this, the water from the qanat would come in the basements and go from one home to other. This underground system, which is traditionally originated from ancient Persia, was done by hand over decades and the technology was developed by Persians about 3000 years ago and the techniques were spread from Persia westward and eastward. This genius method of water harvesting is registered in the World Heritage List of UNESCO. 

Qanat